<?xmlversion='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE rfc [ <!ENTITY nbsp " "> <!ENTITY zwsp "​"> <!ENTITY nbhy "‑"> <!ENTITY wj "⁠"> ]><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="rfc2629.xslt"?><!-- generated by https://github.com/cabo/kramdown-rfc version 1.7.2 (Ruby 3.2.2) --><?rfc compact="yes"?> <?rfc comments="yes"?><rfc xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" submissionType="IETF" category="std" consensus="true" docName="draft-ietf-cbor-time-tag-12" number="9581" ipr="trust200902" sortRefs="true"submissionType="IETF"symRefs="true" tocInclude="true" updates="" obsoletes="" xml:lang="en" version="3"> <!-- xml2rfc v2v3 conversion 3.18.1 --> <front> <title abbrev="CBORtagTag forextended time">ConciseExtended Time">Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags for Time, Duration, and Period</title> <seriesInfoname="Internet-Draft" value="draft-ietf-cbor-time-tag-12"/>name="RFC" value="9581"/> <author fullname="Carsten Bormann" initials="C." surname="Bormann"> <organization>Universität Bremen TZI</organization> <address> <postal> <street>Postfach 330440</street> <city>Bremen</city> <code>D-28359</code> <country>Germany</country> </postal> <phone>+49-421-218-63921</phone> <email>cabo@tzi.org</email> </address> </author> <author fullname="Ben Gamari" initials="B." surname="Gamari"> <organization>Well-Typed</organization> <address> <postal> <street>117 Middle Rd.</street> <city>Portsmouth</city> <region>NH</region> <code>03801</code> <country>United States</country> </postal> <email>ben@well-typed.com</email> </address> </author> <author fullname="Henk Birkholz" initials="H." surname="Birkholz"> <organization abbrev="Fraunhofer SIT">Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology</organization> <address> <postal> <street>Rheinstrasse 75</street> <city>Darmstadt</city> <code>64295</code> <country>Germany</country> </postal> <email>henk.birkholz@sit.fraunhofer.de</email> </address> </author> <dateyear="2023"/> <keyword>Internet-Draft</keyword>year="2024" month="May"/> <area>art</area> <workgroup>cbor</workgroup> <!-- [rfced] Please insert any keywords (beyond those that appear in the title) for use on https://www.rfc-editor.org/search. --> <keyword>example</keyword> <abstract> <?line 167?> <t>The Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR, RFC 8949) is a data format whose design goals include the possibility of extremely small code size, fairly small message size, and extensibility without the need for version negotiation.</t> <t>In CBOR, one point of extensibility is the definition of CBOR tags. RFC 8949 defines two tags for time: CBOR tag 0(RFC3339(RFC 3339 time as a string) and tag 1 (POSIX time as int or float). Since then, additional requirements have become known. The present document defines a CBOR tag for time that allows a more elaborate representation of time, as well as related CBOR tags for duration and time period. This document is intended as the reference document for the IANA registration of the CBOR tags defined.</t><t><cref anchor="status">(This cref will be removed by the RFC editor:)<br/> The present revision (–12) addresses the IESG reviews.</cref></t></abstract><note removeInRFC="true"> <name>About This Document</name> <t> Status information for this document may be found at <eref target="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-cbor-time-tag/"/>. </t> <t> Discussion of this document takes place on the CBOR Working Group mailing list (<eref target="mailto:cbor@ietf.org"/>), which is archived at <eref target="https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/cbor/"/>. Subscribe at <eref target="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cbor/"/>. </t> <t>Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at <eref target="https://github.com/cbor-wg/time-tag"/>.</t> </note></front> <middle> <?line 191?> <section anchor="intro"> <name>Introduction</name> <t>The Concise Binary Object Representation(CBOR,(CBOR) <xreftarget="RFC8949"/>)target="RFC8949"/> provides for the interchange of structured data without a requirement for a pre-agreed schema. RFC 8949 defines a basic set of data types, as well as a tagging mechanism that enables extending the set of data types supported via an IANA registry for CBOR tags(<xref(see <xref target="IANA.cbor-tags"/> and <xref section="9.2" sectionFormat="of"target="RFC8949"/>, <xref target="IANA.cbor-tags"/>).</t>target="RFC8949"/>).</t> <t>RFC 8949 defines two tags for time: CBOR tag 0(RFC3339(<xref target="RFC3339"/> time as a string) and tag 1 (POSIX time as int or float). Since then, additional requirements have become known. The present document defines a CBOR tag for time that allows a more elaborate representation of time, as well as related CBOR tags fordurationdurations and timeperiod.periods. This document is intended as the reference document for the IANA registration of the CBOR tags defined.</t> <section anchor="terms"> <name>Terminology</name><t>The<t> The key words "<bcp14>MUST</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>REQUIRED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>RECOMMENDED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>NOT RECOMMENDED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MAY</bcp14>", and "<bcp14>OPTIONAL</bcp14>" in this document are to be interpreted as described inBCP 14BCP 14 <xref target="RFC2119"/> <xref target="RFC8174"/> when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shownhere.</t>here. </t> <?line -18?> <t>The term "byte" is used in its now customary sense as a synonym for "octet".</t> <t>Superscript notation denotes exponentiation. For example, 2 to the power of 64 is notated: 2<sup>64</sup>. In the plain-text rendition of this specification, superscript notation is not available and exponentiationthereforeis therefore rendered by the surrogate notation seen here in the plain-text rendition.</t> <t>CBOR diagnostic notation is defined in <xref section="8" sectionFormat="of" target="RFC8949"/> and <xref section="G" sectionFormat="of" target="RFC8610"/>. A machine-processable model of the data structures defined in this specification is provided throughout the text using the Concise Data DefinitionLanguage, CDDLLanguage (CDDL) <xref target="RFC8610"/>; <xref target="collected-cddl"/> provides the collected model information.</t> <t>Several time-relatedtermsterms, such as UTC andTAIInternational Atomic Time (TAI), are discussed in <xreftarget="IXDTF"/>,target="RFC9557"/>, which may be a useful companion document beyond its direct use in Sections <xref format="counter" target="tzh"/> and <xref format="counter" target="suff"/>.</t> </section> </section> <section anchor="objectives"> <name>Objectives</name> <t>For the time tag, the present specification addresses the following objectives that go beyond the original tags 0 and 1 (defined in Sections <xref section="3.4.1" sectionFormat="bare" target="RFC8949"/> and <xref section="3.4.2" sectionFormat="bare" target="RFC8949"/> of <xref target="RFC8949"/>):</t> <ul spacing="normal"> <li> <!--[rfced] We are having difficult parsing "for integer and up to binary64 floating point representation of times". May we update it as follows? Original: CBOR tag 1 only provides for integer and up to binary64 floating point representation of times, limiting resolution to approximately microseconds at the time of writing (and progressively becoming worse over time). Perhaps: CBOR tag 1 only provides for integers and up to a binary64-floating-point representation of time, which limits the resolution to approximately microseconds at the time of writing (and progressively becoming worse over time). --> <t>Additional resolution for epoch-based time (as in tag 1). CBOR tag 1 only provides for integer and up to binary64 floating point representation of times, limiting resolution to approximately microseconds at the time of writing (and progressively becoming worse over time).</t> </li> <li> <t>Indication of timescale. Tags 0 and 1 are defined for UTC; however, some interchanges are better performed on TAI. Other timescales may be registered once they become relevant (e.g., one of the proposed successors to UTC that might no longer use leapseconds,seconds or a scale based on smeared leap seconds).</t> </li> </ul> <t>By incorporating a way to transport <xreftarget="IXDTF"/>target="RFC9557"/> suffix information(<xref target="tzh"/>,(see Sections <xref target="tzh" format="counter"/> and <xreftarget="suff"/>),target="suff" format="counter"/>), additional indicationscan be providedof intents about the interpretation of the timegiven,given can be provided; inparticular alsoparticular, for instances of time that, at the time they are being described, are in the future. Intents might include information about time zones, daylightsavingssaving times, preferred calendar representations, etc.</t> <t>Semantics not covered by this document can be added by registering additional map keys for the map that is the content of the tag (see <tt>etime-detailed</tt> in <xref target="tag-1001"/>), the specification for which is referenced by the registry entry (see <xref target="time-format"/>).</t> <t>For example, map keys could be registered for direct representations of natural platform time formats. Some platforms use epoch-based time formats that require some computation to convert them into the representations allowed by tag 1; these computations can also lose precision and cause ambiguities. (The present specification does not take a position on whether tag 1 can be "fixed" to include, e.g., Decimal orBigFloatBigfloat representations. It does define how to use these representations with the extended time format.)</t> <t>Additional tags are defined for durations and periods.</t> </section> <section anchor="time-format"> <name>Time Format</name> <t>An extended time is indicated by CBOR tag 1001, the content of which is a map data item (CBOR major type 5). The map may contain integer (major types 0 and 1) or text string (major type 3) keys, with the value type determined by each specific key. For negative integer keys and text string values of the key, implementations <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> ignore key/value pairs they do not understand; these keys are "elective", as the extended time as a whole is still usable without the information they carry if an implementation elects not to implement them. <!--[rfced] We are having some difficulty parsing "signal as an error". May we update it as follows? Original: Conversely, for unsigned integer keys, implementations MUST signal as an error key/value pairs they do not understand or implement (these are either "base time" or "critical", see below). Perhaps: Conversely, for unsigned integer keys, implementations MUST signal key/value pairs they do not understand or implement (these are either "base time" or "critical", see below) as errors. --> Conversely, for unsigned integer keys, implementations <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> signal as an error key/value pairs they do not understand or implement (these are either "base time" or "critical", see below).</t> <t>The map <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> contain exactly one unsigned integer key that specifies the "basetime",time" and <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> also contain one or more negative integer or text-string keys, which may encode supplementary information.</t> <t>Supplementary information <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> also be provided by additional unsigned integer keys that are explicitly defined to provide supplementary information (we say these keys are defined to be "critical"); as these are required to be understood, there can be no confusion with base time keys.</t> <t>Negative integer and text string keys always supply supplementary information (they are "elective", and this will not be explicitly stated below).</t> <t>Supplementary information may include:</t> <ul spacing="normal"> <li> <t>a higher precision time offset to be added to the base time,</t> </li> <li> <t>a reference timescale and epoch different from the default UTC and1970-01-01</t>1970-01-01, and</t> </li> <li> <t>information about clock quality parameters, such as source, accuracy, anduncertainty</t>uncertainty.</t> </li> </ul> <t>Additional keys can be defined by registering them in the "Time Tag MapKey RegistryKeys" registry (<xref target="map-key-registry"/>). Registered keys may, for instance, add intent information such astimezone andtime zone, daylightsavingssaving time, and/or possibly positioningcoordinates,coordinates to express information that would indicate a local time.</t> <t>This document does not define supplementary text keys. A number of both unsigned and negative-integer keys are defined in the following subsections.</t> <t><xref target="tag-1001"/> provides a formal definition of Tag 1001 in CDDL.</t> <figure anchor="tag-1001"> <name>CDDLdefinitionDefinition of Tag 1001</name> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ Etime = #6.1001(etime-detailed) etime-framework = { uint => any ; at least one base time * (nint/text) => any ; elective supplementary information * uint => any ; critical supplementary information } etime-detailed = ({ $$ETIME-BASETIME ClockQuality-group * $$ETIME-ELECTIVE * $$ETIME-CRITICAL * ((nint/text) .feature "etime-elective-extension") => any * (uint .feature "etime-critical-extension") => any }) .within etime-framework ]]></sourcecode> </figure> <section anchor="key-1"> <name>Key 1</name> <t>Key 1 indicates a base time value that is exactly like the data item that would be tagged by CBOR tag 1 (POSIX time <xref target="TIME_T"/> as int or float). As described above, the time value indicated by the value under this key can be further modified by other keys.</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (1: ~time) ]]></sourcecode> </section> <section anchor="keys-4-and-5"> <name>Keys 4 and 5</name> <t>Keys 4 and 5 indicate a base time value and are like key 1, except that the data item is an array as defined for CBOR tag 4 or 5, respectively. This can be used to include a Decimal or Bigfloat epoch-based float <xref target="TIME_T"/> in an extended time, e.g., to achieve higher resolution or to avoid rounding errors.</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (4: ~decfrac) $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (5: ~bigfloat) ]]></sourcecode> </section> <section anchor="keys-3-6-9-12-15-18"> <name>Keys -3, -6, -9, -12, -15, and -18</name> <t>The keys -3, -6, -9, -12,-15-15, and -18 indicate additional decimal fractions by giving an unsigned integer (major type 0) and scaling this with the scale factor 1e-3, 1e-6, 1e-9, 1e-12, 1e-15, and 1e-18, respectively (see <xref target="decfract"/>). Each extended time data item <bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> contain more than one of these keys. These additional fractions are added to a base time in seconds <xref target="SI-SECOND"/> indicated byaKey 1, which then <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> also be present and <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> have an integer value.</t> <table anchor="decfract"><name>Key<name>Keys fordecimally scaledDecimally Scaled Fractions</name> <thead> <tr> <th align="left">Key</th> <thalign="left">meaning</th>align="left">Meaning</th> <thalign="left">example usage</th>align="left">Example Usage</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">-3</td> <td align="left">milliseconds</td> <td align="left">Java time</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">-6</td> <td align="left">microseconds</td> <td align="left">(old) UNIX time</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">-9</td> <td align="left">nanoseconds</td> <td align="left">(new) UNIX time</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">-12</td> <td align="left">picoseconds</td> <td align="left">Haskell time</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">-15</td> <td align="left">femtoseconds</td> <td align="left">(future)</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">-18</td> <td align="left">attoseconds</td> <td align="left">(future)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-3: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-6: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-9: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-12: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-15: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-18: uint) ]]></sourcecode> <t>Note that these keys have been provided to facilitate representing pairs of the form second/decimal fraction of a second, as found for instance in C <tt>timespec</tt> (Section 7.27.1 of <xref target="C"/>). When ingesting a timestamp with one of these keys into a type provided by the target platform, care has to be taken to meet its invariants.E.g.,For example, for C <tt>timespec</tt>, the fractional part <tt>tv_nsec</tt> needs to be between 0 inclusive and 10<sup>9</sup> exclusive, which can be achieved by also adjusting the base time appropriately.</t> </section> <section anchor="key-timescale"> <name>Key -1: Timescale</name> <t>Key -1 is used to indicate a timescale. The value 0 indicates UTC, with the POSIX epoch <xref target="TIME_T"/>; the value 1 indicates TAI, with thePTP (PrecisionPrecision TimeProtocol)Protocol (PTP) epoch (1 January 1970 00:00:00 TAI, see <xref target="IEEE1588-2019"/> or <xref target="IEEE1588-2008"/>).</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-1 => $ETIME-TIMESCALE) $ETIME-TIMESCALE /= &(etime-utc: 0) $ETIME-TIMESCALE /= &(etime-tai: 1) ]]></sourcecode> <t>If key -1 is not present, the default timescale value 0 is implied.</t> <t>Timescale values <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be unsigned integers or text strings; text strings are provided for experimentation and <bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> be used between partieswhichthat are not both part of the experiment. Additional unsigned integer values can be registered in theTimescale Registry"Timescales" registry (<xref target="timescale-registry"/>). 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of timescales was deliberately chosen to be frugal, as the specification of the tag provides an extension point where additional timescales can be registered at any time. Registrations are clearly needed for earth-referenced timescales (such as UT1 and TT), as well as possibly for specific realizations of abstracttime scalestimescales (such asTAI(USNO)TAI (United States Naval Observatory (USNO)), which is more accurate as a constant offset basis for GPS times). While the registration process itself is trivial, these registrations need to be made based on a solid specification of their actual definition.</t> </aside> </section> <section anchor="clock-quality"> <name>Clock Quality</name> <t>A number of keys are defined to indicate the quality of clock that was used to determine the point in time.</t> <t>The first three are analogous to <tt>clock-quality-grouping</tt> in <xref target="RFC8575"/>, which is in turn based on the definitions in <xref target="IEEE1588-2008"/>; the last two are specific to this document.</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ ClockQuality-group = ( ? &(ClockClass: -2) => uint .size 1 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(ClockAccuracy: -4) => uint .size 1 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(OffsetScaledLogVariance: -5) => uint .size 2 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(Uncertainty: -7) => ~time/~duration ? &(Guarantee: -8) => ~time/~duration ) ]]></sourcecode> <section anchor="clockclass-key-2"> <name>ClockClass (Key -2)</name> <t>Key -2 (ClockClass) can be used to indicate the clock class as per <xref target="RFC8575"/> (which is based on Table 5 in Section 7.6.2.4 of <xref target="IEEE1588-2008"/>; Table 4 in Section 7.6.2.5 of <xref target="IEEE1588-2019"/> has updated language). It is defined as a one-byte unsigned integer as that is the range defined in IEEE 1588.</t> </section> <section anchor="clockaccuracy-key-4"> <name>ClockAccuracy (Key -4)</name> <t>Key -4 (ClockAccuracy) can be used to indicate the clock accuracy as per <xref target="RFC8575"/> (which is based on Table 6 in Section 7.6.2.5 of <xref target="IEEE1588-2008"/>; additional values have been defined in Table 5 in Section 7.6.2.6 of <xref target="IEEE1588-2019"/>). It is defined as a one-byte unsigned integer as that is the range defined there. 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The details for the computation of this characteristic are defined in Section 7.6.3 of <xref target="IEEE1588-2019"/> and the same section in <xref target="IEEE1588-2008"/>.</t> </section> <section anchor="uncertainty-key-7"> <name>Uncertainty (Key -7)</name> <t>Key -7 (Uncertainty) can be used to represent a known measurement of uncertainty for theclock,clock as a numeric value in seconds or as a duration (<xref target="duration"/>).</t> <t>For this document, uncertainty is defined as in Section 2.2.3 of <xref target="GUM"/>: "parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand". More specifically, the value for this key represents the expanded uncertainty fork = 2k = 2 (Section 6.2.1 of <xreftarget="GUM"/>),target="GUM"/>) in seconds.</t> <t>Note that the additional information that can be meaningfully provided with the duration that represents an uncertainty is limited, e.g., it is not customary to provide an uncertainty for a duration representing an uncertainty. Implementations are free to reduce the information contained in an uncertainty (which is already elective) to the information they can process.</t> <t>For example, a timestamp that is given to a resolution of 10<sup>-6</sup> seconds (microseconds) but only has an uncertainty of 10<sup>-3</sup> seconds (milliseconds) could be expressed by one of the extended time tags in <xref target="uncertainty-example"/> (note the slight rounding error in the third case, which is probably inconsequential for an uncertainty value):</t> <figure anchor="uncertainty-example"> <name>Examples Using Uncertainty</name> <sourcecode type="cbor-diag"><![CDATA[ 1001({1: 1697724754, -6: 873294, -7: {1: 0, -6: 1000}}), 1001({1: 1697724754, -6: 873294, -7: {1: 0, -3: 1}}), 1001({1: 1697724754, -6: 873294, -7: {1: 0.001}}) ]]></sourcecode> </figure> </section> <section anchor="guarantee-key-8"> <name>Guarantee (Key -8)</name> <t>Key -8 (Guarantee) can be used to represent a stated guarantee for the accuracy of the point intime,time as a numeric value in seconds or as a duration (<xref target="duration"/>) representing the maximum allowed deviation from the true value.</t> <t>While such a guarantee is unattainable in theory, existing standards such as <xref target="RFC3161"/> stipulate the representation of such guarantees, and therefore this format provides a way to represent them as well; the time value given is nominally guaranteed to not deviate from the actual time by more than the value of theguarantee,guarantee in seconds.</t> <t>Note that the additional information that can be meaningfully provided with the duration that represents a guarantee is limited, e.g., it is not meaningful to provide a guarantee of accuracy for the duration representing a guarantee of accuracy. Implementations are free to reduce a guarantee (which is already elective) to the information they can process.</t> </section> </section> <section anchor="tzh"> <name>Keys -10, 10: Time Zone Hint</name> <t>Keys -10 and 10 supply supplementary information, where key 10 is critical.</t> <t>They can be used to provide a hint about the time zone that would best fit for displaying the time given to humans, using a text string in the format defined for <tt>time-zone-name</tt> or <tt>time-numoffset</tt> in <xreftarget="IXDTF"/>.target="RFC9557"/>. Key -10 is equivalent to providing this information as an elective hint, while key 10 provides this information as critical (i.e., it <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be used when interpreting the entry with this key).</t> <t>Keys -10 and 10 <bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> both be present.</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-10: time-zone-info) $$ETIME-CRITICAL //= (10: time-zone-info) time-zone-info = tstr .abnf ("time-zone-name / time-numoffset" .det IXDTFtz) IXDTFtz = ' time-hour = 2DIGIT ; 00-23 time-minute = 2DIGIT ; 00-59 time-numoffset = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute time-zone-initial = ALPHA / "." / "_" time-zone-char = time-zone-initial / DIGIT / "-" / "+" time-zone-part = time-zone-initial *13(time-zone-char) ; but not "." or ".." time-zone-name = time-zone-part *("/" time-zone-part) ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z DIGIT = %x30-39 ; 0-9 ' ; extracted from[IXDTF][RFC9557] and [RFC3339]; update as needed ]]></sourcecode> </section> <section anchor="suff"> <name>Keys -11, 11: IXDTF Suffix Information</name> <t>Keys -11 and 11 supply supplementary information, where key 11 is critical.</t> <t>Similar to keys -10 and 10, keys -11 (elective) and 11 (critical) can be used to provide additional information in the style ofIXDTFInternet Extended Date/Time Format (IXDTF) suffixes, such as the calendar that would best fit for displaying the time given to humans. The key's value is a map that has IXDTF <tt>suffix-key</tt> names as keys and corresponding suffix values as values, specifically:</t> <!--[rfced] In the <sourcecode> in Section 3.7 and Appendix A, "update as needed" appears with an exclamation point, while it does not in the <sourcecode> in Section 3.6 and in another line of the <sourcecode> in Appendix A. Should the use of the exclamation point be consistent? Section 3.7 and Appendix A: ' ; extracted from [IXDTF]; update as needed! Section 3.6 and Appendix A: ' ; extracted from [IXDTF] and [RFC3339]; update as needed --> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-11: suffix-info-map) $$ETIME-CRITICAL //= (11: suffix-info-map) suffix-info-map = { * suffix-key => suffix-values } suffix-key = tstr .abnf ("suffix-key" .det IXDTF) suffix-values = one-or-more<suffix-value> one-or-more<T> = T / [ 2* T ] suffix-value = tstr .abnf ("suffix-value" .det IXDTF) IXDTF = ' key-initial = lcalpha / "_" key-char = key-initial / DIGIT / "-" suffix-key = key-initial *key-char suffix-value = 1*alphanum alphanum = ALPHA / DIGIT lcalpha = %x61-7A ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z DIGIT = %x30-39 ; 0-9 ' ; extracted from[IXDTF];[RFC9557]; update as needed! ]]></sourcecode> <t>When keys -11 and 11bothare both present, the two maps <bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14> have entries with the same map keys.</t> <t>Figure 4 of <xreftarget="IXDTF"/>target="RFC9557"/> gives an example for an extended date-time with both time zone and suffix information:</t> <!--[rfced] The following appears as <artwork> in Section 3.7. Should this be changed to <sourcecode> instead? If yes, let us know if/how its type should be set. Original: 1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00[America/Los_Angeles][u-ca=hebrew] --> <artwork><![CDATA[ 1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00[America/Los_Angeles][u-ca=hebrew] ]]></artwork> <t>A time tag that is approximating this example, in CBOR diagnostic notation, would be:</t> <sourcecode type="cbor-diag"><![CDATA[ / 1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00[America//Los_Angeles][u-ca=hebrew] / 1001({ 1: 851042397, -10: "America/Los_Angeles", -11: { "u-ca": "hebrew" } }) ]]></sourcecode> <t>Note that both -10 and -11 are using negative keys and therefore provide elective information, as in the IXDTF form given in the comment.Note also thatAlso note that, in thisexampleexample, the time numeric offset (<tt>-08:00</tt>) is lost in translating from the <xref target="RFC3339"/> information in the IXDTF into a POSIX time that can be included under Key 1 in a time tag.</t> </section> </section> <section anchor="duration"> <name>Duration Format</name> <t>A duration is the length of an interval of time. Durations in this format are given inSIInternational System of Units (SI) seconds, possibly adjusted for conventional corrections of the timescale given (e.g., leap seconds).</t> <t>Except for using Tag 1002 instead of 1001, durations are structurally identical to time values.</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ Duration = #6.1002(etime-detailed) ]]></sourcecode> <t>Semantically, they do not measure the time elapsed from a givenepoch,epoch but from the start to the end of(an otherwisean (otherwise unspecified) interval of time.</t> <t>In combination with an epoch identified in the context, a duration can also be used to express an absolute time.</t> <t>Without such context, durations are subject to some uncertainties underlying the timescale used.E.g.,For example, for durations intended as a determinant of future time periods, there is some uncertainty of what irregularities (such as leapseconds,seconds and timescale corrections) will be exhibited by the timescale in that period. For durations as measurements of past periods, abstracting the period to a duration loses some detail about timescale irregularities. For many applications, these uncertainties are acceptable and thus the use of durations is appropriate.</t> <aside> <t>Note that the durations defined in <xref target="ISO8601"/> and <xref target="ISO8601-2019"/> are rather different from the ones defined in the present specification; there is no intention to support ISO 8601 durations here.</t> </aside> </section> <section anchor="period"> <name>Period Format</name> <t>A period is a specific interval of time, specified as either two extended times giving the start and the end of thatinterval,interval or as one of these two plus a duration.</t> <t>This is represented as an array of unwrapped time and duration elements, tagged with Tag 1003, one of:</t> <ul spacing="normal"> <li> <t>a start and end time, in which case the tag content is an array of two unwrapped extended timeelements;</t>elements, or</t> </li> <li> <t>a start time with duration or an end time with duration. The tag content is an array of 3 elements: the first two as above but either the start or end time <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be set tonull;null and the third one then is an unwrapped duration.</t> </li> </ul> <t>A simple CDDL definition that does not capture all the constraints is:</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ simple-Period = #6.1003([ start: ~Etime / null end: ~Etime / null ? duration: ~Duration ]) ]]></sourcecode> <t>Exactly two out of the three elements must be present and non-null; this can be somewhat more verbosely expressed in CDDL as:</t> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ Period = #6.1003([ (start: ~Etime, ((end: ~Etime) // (end: null, duration: ~Duration))) // (start: null, end: ~Etime, duration: ~Duration) ]) ]]></sourcecode> </section> <section anchor="cddl-typenames"> <name>CDDLtypenames</name>Type Names</name> <t>When detailed validation is not needed, the type names defined in <xref target="tag-cddl"/> are recommended:</t> <figure anchor="tag-cddl"> <name>Recommendedtype namesType Names for CDDL</name> <sourcecode type="cddl"><![CDATA[ etime = #6.1001({* (int/tstr) => any}) duration = #6.1002({* (int/tstr) => any}) period = #6.1003([~etime/null, ~etime/null, ~duration/null]) ]]></sourcecode> </figure> </section> <section anchor="iana-considerations"> <name>IANA Considerations</name><t><cref anchor="to-be-removed">RFC Editor: please replace RFCthis with the RFC number of this RFC, and remove this note.</cref></t><section anchor="cbor-tags"> <name>CBORtags</name>Tags</name> <t>In the "CBOR Tags" registry <xref target="IANA.cbor-tags"/>, IANA has allocated the tags in <xref target="tab-tag-values"/>from what was at the time the FCFS space, without of thepresentFirst Come First Served (FCFS) range and listed this document as the specification reference.</t> <!-- [rfced] [RFC9581] seems redundant with the reference column. May we remove the citation from the semantics column? Or, rather than using a citation, perhaps a description would work, for example, CBOR extended time? CBOR Tags [RFC9581] extended time [RFC9581] duration [RFC9581] period --> <table anchor="tab-tag-values"> <name>Values for Tags</name> <thead> <tr> <th align="right">Tag</th> <th align="left">Data Item</th> <th align="left">Semantics</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="right">1001</td> <td align="left">map</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]align="left">[RFC9581] extended time</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">1002</td> <td align="left">map</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]align="left">[RFC9581] duration</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">1003</td> <td align="left">array</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]align="left">[RFC9581] period</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <t>IANAis requested to changehas updated the "Data Item" column for Tag 1003 from "map" to "array".</t> </section> <section anchor="timescale-registry"><name>Timescale<name>Timescales Registry</name><t>This specification defines<!--[rfced] This document uses pointers to section numbers of BCP 26. As BC P26 may contain more than one RFC in the future, we have updated the citations as shown below. Original: Sections 4.5 and 4.7 of [BCP26] Section 4.6 of [BCP26] Current: Sections 4.5 and 4.7 of RFC 8126 [BCP26], respectively Section 4.6 of RFC 8126 [BCP26] --> <t>Per this specification, IANA has created a newregistry titled"Timescales"inregistry within the"CBOR"Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags" registry group <xreftarget="IANA.cbor-tags"/>, with a Registration Procedure requiringtarget="IANA.cbor-tags"/>. The registration procedure is both "Expert Review" and "RFC Required" (Sections <xref section="4.5" sectionFormat="bare"target="BCP26"/>target="RFC8126"/> and <xref section="4.7" sectionFormat="bare"target="BCP26"/>target="RFC8126"/> of RFC 8126 <xreftarget="BCP26"/>).</t>target="BCP26"/>, respectively).</t> <t>Each entry needs to provide a timescale name (a sequence of uppercase ASCII characters and digits, where a digit may not occur at the start: <tt>[A-Z][A-Z0-9]*</tt>), a value (CBOR unsigned integer, uint, 0..18446744073709551615), a brief description of the semantics, and a specification reference (RFC). The initial contents are shown in <xref target="tab-timescales"/>.</t> <table anchor="tab-timescales"> <name>Initial Content of Timescale Registry</name> <thead> <tr> <th align="left">Timescale</th> <th align="right">Value</th> <th align="left">Semantics</th> <th align="left">Reference</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">UTC</td> <td align="right">0</td> <td align="left">UTC with POSIX Epoch</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">TAI</td> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="left">TAI with PTP Epoch</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> <section anchor="map-key-registry"> <name>Time Tag MapKeyKeys Registry</name><t>This specification defines<t>Per this specification, IANA has created a newregistry titled"Time Tag Map Keys"inregistry within the"CBOR"Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags" registry group <xreftarget="IANA.cbor-tags"/>, withtarget="IANA.cbor-tags"/>. The registration procedure is "Specification Required"as the Registration Procedure (<xref(Section <xref section="4.6"sectionFormat="of"sectionFormat="bare" target="RFC8126"/> of RFC 8126 <xref target="BCP26"/>).</t> <t>The designated expert is requested to assign the key values with the shortest encodings (1+0 and 1+1 encoding) to registrations that are likely to enjoy wide use and can benefit from short encodings.</t> <t>Each entry needs to provide a map key value (CBOR integer, int, -18446744073709551616..18446744073709551615), a brief description of the semantics, and a specification reference. Note that negative integers indicate an elective key, while unsigned integers indicate a key that either provides a base time or is critical. For the unsigned integers as keys, the choice of base time or critical needs to be indicated in the brief semantics description. (Elective map keys may be explicitly marked as such in the description, e.g., to distinguish them from critical keys.)</t> <t>The initial contents are shown in <xref target="tab-mapkeys"/>.</t> <table anchor="tab-mapkeys"> <name>Initial Content of Time Tag Map Keys Registry</name> <thead> <tr> <th align="right">Value</th> <th align="left">Semantics</th> <th align="left">Reference</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="right">-18</td> <td align="left">attoseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-15</td> <td align="left">femtoseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-12</td> <td align="left">picoseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-11</td> <td align="left">IXDTF Suffix Information (elective)</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis],align="left">[RFC9581], <xreftarget="IXDTF"/></td>target="RFC9557"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-10</td> <td align="left">IXDTF Time Zone Hint (elective)</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis],align="left">[RFC9581], <xreftarget="IXDTF"/></td>target="RFC9557"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-9</td> <td align="left">nanoseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-8</td> <td align="left">Guarantee</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-7</td> <td align="left">Uncertainty</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-6</td> <td align="left">microseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-5</td> <td align="left">Offset-Scaled Log Variance</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-4</td> <td align="left">Clock Accuracy</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-3</td> <td align="left">milliseconds</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">-2</td> <td align="left">Clock Class</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis]</td>align="left">[RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">1</td> <td align="left">base time value as in CBOR Tag 1</td> <td align="left"> <xreftarget="RFC8949"/> [RFCthis]</td>target="RFC8949"/>, [RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">4</td> <td align="left">base time value as in CBOR Tag 4</td> <td align="left"> <xreftarget="RFC8949"/> [RFCthis]</td>target="RFC8949"/>, [RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">5</td> <td align="left">base time value as in CBOR Tag 5</td> <td align="left"> <xreftarget="RFC8949"/> [RFCthis]</td>target="RFC8949"/>, [RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">10</td> <td align="left">IXDTF Time Zone Hint (critical)</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis], <xref target="IXDTF"/></td>align="left"><xref target="RFC9557"/>, [RFC9581]</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right">11</td> <td align="left">IXDTF Suffix Information (critical)</td> <tdalign="left">[RFCthis], <xref target="IXDTF"/></td>align="left"><xref target="RFC9557"/>, [RFC9581]</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </section> </section> <section anchor="security-considerations"> <name>Security Considerations</name> <t>The security considerations of <xref target="RFC8949"/> apply; the tags introduced here are not expected to raise security considerations beyond those.</t> <t>Time, of course, has significant security considerations; these include the exploitation of ambiguities where time is security relevant (e.g., for freshness or in a validity span) or the disclosure of characteristics of the emitting system (e.g., timezone,zone or clock resolution and wall clock offset).</t> <t>A more detailed discussion of security considerations emanating from using a representation of time that allows the inclusion ofcomplex,complex and possibly inconsistent information is available inSection <xref"Security Considerations" (<xref section="7"sectionFormat="bare" target="IXDTF">Security Considerations</xref> of <xref target="IXDTF"/>.</t>sectionFormat="of" target="RFC9557"></xref>).</t> </section> </middle> <back> <displayreference target="ISO8601" to="ISO8601:1988"/> <displayreference target="ISO8601-2019" to="ISO8601-1:2019"/> <references> <name>References</name> <references anchor="sec-normative-references"> <name>Normative References</name><reference anchor="RFC8949"> <front> <title>Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)</title> <author fullname="C. Bormann" initials="C." surname="Bormann"/> <author fullname="P. Hoffman" initials="P." surname="Hoffman"/> <date month="December" year="2020"/> <abstract> <t>The Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) is a data format whose design goals include the possibility of extremely small code size, fairly small message size, and extensibility without the need for version negotiation. These design goals make it different from earlier binary serializations such as ASN.1 and MessagePack.</t> <t>This document obsoletes RFC 7049, providing editorial improvements, new details, and errata fixes while keeping full compatibility with the interchange format of RFC 7049. It does not create a new version of the format.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="STD" value="94"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8949"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8949"/> </reference> <reference anchor="BCP26"> <front> <title>Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs</title> <author fullname="M. Cotton" initials="M." surname="Cotton"/> <author fullname="B. Leiba" initials="B." surname="Leiba"/> <author fullname="T. Narten" initials="T." surname="Narten"/> <date month="June" year="2017"/> <abstract> <t>Many protocols make use of points of extensibility that use constants to identify various protocol parameters. To ensure that the values in these fields do not have conflicting uses and to promote interoperability, their allocations are often coordinated by a central record keeper. For IETF protocols, that role is filled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).</t> <t>To make assignments in a given registry prudently, guidance describing the conditions under which new values should be assigned, as well as when and how modifications to existing values can be made, is needed. This document defines a framework for the documentation of these guidelines by specification authors, in order to assure that the provided guidance for the IANA Considerations is clear and addresses the various issues that are likely in the operation of a registry.</t> <t>This is the third edition of this document; it obsoletes RFC 5226.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="BCP" value="26"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8126"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8126"/> </reference><xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8949.xml"/> <referencegroup anchor="BCP26" target="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp26"> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8126.xml"/> </referencegroup> <reference anchor="TIME_T" target="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap04.html#tag_04_16"> <front><title>Vol. 1:<title>The Open Group BaseDefinitions,Specifications Issue 7</title> <author><organization>The Open Group Base Specifications</organization><organization>IEEE</organization> </author> <date year="2018"/> </front> <seriesInfoname="Section 4.16" value="'Seconds Since the Epoch'"/> <seriesInfoname="IEEE Std" value="1003.1-2017"/><seriesInfo name="2018" value="Edition"/><refcontent>Section 4.16 Seconds Since the Epoch</refcontent> </reference> <!-- [rfced] This reference has been superseded by a 2019 version. See <https://www.iso.org/standard/64974.html>. Would you like to reference the most current version? Original: [SI-SECOND] International Organization for Standardization (ISO), "Quantities and units — Part 3: Space and time", ISO 80000-3, 1 March 2006. Perhaps: [SI-SECOND] ISO, "Quantities and units - Part 3: Space and time", ISO 80000-3:2019, October 2019. --> <reference anchor="SI-SECOND"> <front> <title>Quantities and units—-- Part 3: Space and time</title> <author><organization>International Organization for Standardization (ISO)</organization><organization>ISO</organization> </author> <dateday="01"month="March" year="2006"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="ISO"value="80000-3"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8575"> <front> <title>YANG Data Model for the Precision Time Protocol (PTP)</title> <author fullname="Y. Jiang" initials="Y." role="editor" surname="Jiang"/> <author fullname="X. Liu" initials="X." surname="Liu"/> <author fullname="J. Xu" initials="J." surname="Xu"/> <author fullname="R. Cummings" initials="R." role="editor" surname="Cummings"/> <date month="May" year="2019"/> <abstract> <t>This document defines a YANG data model for the configuration of devices and clocks using the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) as specified in IEEE Std 1588-2008. It also defines the retrieval of the configuration information, the data sets and the running states of PTP clocks. The YANG module in this document conforms to the Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA).</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8575"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8575"/>value="80000-3:2006"/> </reference> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8575.xml"/> <reference anchor="IEEE1588-2008" target="https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/1588/4355/"> <front> <title>IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems</title> <author> <organization>IEEE</organization> </author> <date month="July" year="2008"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="IEEE" value="1588-2008"/> <annotation>Often called PTP v2, as it replaced the earlier 2002 version of this standard by a non-backwards compatible protocol.</annotation> </reference> <reference anchor="IEEE1588-2019" target="https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/1588/6825/"> <front> <title>IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems</title> <author> <organization>IEEE</organization> </author> <date month="June" year="2020"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="IEEE" value="1588-2019"/> <annotation>Often called PTP v2.1, as it has been designed so it can be used in a way that is fully backwards compatible to IEEE1588-2008.</annotation> </reference> <reference anchor="GUM" target="https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/gum.html"> <front> <title>Evaluation of measurement data—-- Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement</title> <author> <organization>Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology</organization> </author> <date month="September" year="2008"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="JCGM" value="100:2008"/> </reference> <reference anchor="IANA.cbor-tags" target="https://www.iana.org/assignments/cbor-tags"> <front> <title>Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) Tags</title> <author> <organization>IANA</organization> </author> </front> </reference><reference anchor="RFC8610"> <front> <title>Concise Data Definition Language (CDDL): A Notational Convention to Express Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) and JSON Data Structures</title> <author fullname="H. Birkholz" initials="H." surname="Birkholz"/> <author fullname="C. Vigano" initials="C." surname="Vigano"/> <author fullname="C. Bormann" initials="C." surname="Bormann"/> <date month="June" year="2019"/> <abstract> <t>This document proposes a notational convention to express Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) data structures (RFC 7049). Its main goal is to provide an easy and unambiguous way to express structures for protocol messages and data formats that use CBOR or JSON.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8610"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8610"/> </reference> <reference anchor="IXDTF"> <front> <title>Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps with additional information</title> <author fullname="Ujjwal Sharma" initials="U." surname="Sharma"> <organization>Igalia, S.L.</organization> </author> <author fullname="Carsten Bormann" initials="C." surname="Bormann"> <organization>Universität Bremen TZI</organization> </author> <date day="23" month="October" year="2023"/> <abstract> <t> This document defines an extension to the timestamp format defined in RFC3339 for representing additional information including a time zone. It updates RFC3339 in the specific interpretation of the local offset Z, which is no longer understood to "imply that UTC is the preferred reference point for the specified time"; see Section 2. // (This "cref" paragraph will be removed by the RFC editor:) The // present version (-11) addresses comments received during IESG // review. </t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="Internet-Draft" value="draft-ietf-sedate-datetime-extended-11"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC2119"> <front> <title>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</title> <author fullname="S. Bradner" initials="S." surname="Bradner"/> <date month="March" year="1997"/> <abstract> <t>In many standards track documents several words are used to signify the requirements in the specification. These words are often capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents. This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2119"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC2119"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC8174"> <front> <title>Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words</title> <author fullname="B. Leiba" initials="B." surname="Leiba"/> <date month="May" year="2017"/> <abstract> <t>RFC 2119 specifies common key words that may be used in protocol specifications. This document aims to reduce the ambiguity by clarifying that only UPPERCASE usage of the key words have the defined special meanings.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="8174"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC8174"/> </reference><xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8610.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.9557.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.2119.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.8174.xml"/> </references> <references anchor="sec-informative-references"> <name>Informative References</name><reference anchor="RFC3161"> <front> <title>Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Time-Stamp Protocol (TSP)</title> <author fullname="C. Adams" initials="C." surname="Adams"/> <author fullname="P. Cain" initials="P." surname="Cain"/> <author fullname="D. Pinkas" initials="D." surname="Pinkas"/> <author fullname="R. Zuccherato" initials="R." surname="Zuccherato"/> <date month="August" year="2001"/> <abstract> <t>This document describes the format of a request sent to a Time Stamping Authority (TSA) and of the response that is returned. It also establishes several security-relevant requirements for TSA operation, with regards to processing requests to generate responses. [STANDARDS-TRACK]</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="3161"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC3161"/> </reference> <reference anchor="RFC3339"> <front> <title>Date and Time on the Internet: Timestamps</title> <author fullname="G. Klyne" initials="G." surname="Klyne"/> <author fullname="C. Newman" initials="C." surname="Newman"/> <date month="July" year="2002"/> <abstract> <t>This document defines a date and time format for use in Internet protocols that is a profile of the ISO 8601 standard for representation of dates and times using the Gregorian calendar.</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="3339"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC3339"/> </reference><xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.3161.xml"/> <xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.3339.xml"/> <reference anchor="ISO8601" target="https://www.iso.org/standard/15903.html"> <front> <title>Data elements and interchange formats—-- Information interchange—-- Representation of dates and times</title> <author><organization abbrev="ISO">International Organization for Standardization</organization><organization>ISO</organization> </author> <date month="June" year="1988"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="ISO" value="8601:1988"/> <annotation>Also available from<<eref<<eref target="https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/FIPS/fipspub4-1-1991.pdf">https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/FIPS/fipspub4-1-1991.pdf</eref>>.</annotation> </reference> <reference anchor="ISO8601-2019" target="https://www.iso.org/standard/70907.html"> <front> <title>Date and time—-- Representations for information interchange—-- Part 1: Basic rules</title> <author><organization abbrev="ISO">International Organization for Standardization</organization><organization>ISO</organization> </author> <date month="February" year="2019"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="ISO" value="8601-1:2019"/> </reference> <reference anchor="C" target="https://www.iso.org/standard/74528.html"> <front> <title>Information technology—-- Programming languages—-- C</title> <author><organization>International Organization for Standardization</organization><organization>ISO</organization> </author> <date month="June" year="2018"/> </front> <seriesInfo name="ISO/IEC" value="9899:2018"/> <annotation>Contents available via<<eref target="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2310.pdf">https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2310.pdf</eref>></annotation><<eref target="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n2310.pdf"/>></annotation> <refcontent>Fourth Edition</refcontent> </reference><reference anchor="RFC5905"> <front> <title>Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms Specification</title> <author fullname="D. Mills" initials="D." surname="Mills"/> <author fullname="J. Martin" initials="J." role="editor" surname="Martin"/> <author fullname="J. Burbank" initials="J." surname="Burbank"/> <author fullname="W. Kasch" initials="W." surname="Kasch"/> <date month="June" year="2010"/> <abstract> <t>The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is widely used to synchronize computer clocks in the Internet. This document describes NTP version 4 (NTPv4), which is backwards compatible with NTP version 3 (NTPv3), described in RFC 1305, as well as previous versions of the protocol. NTPv4 includes a modified protocol header to accommodate the Internet Protocol version 6 address family. NTPv4 includes fundamental improvements in the mitigation and discipline algorithms that extend the potential accuracy to the tens of microseconds with modern workstations and fast LANs. It includes a dynamic server discovery scheme, so that in many cases, specific server configuration is not required. It corrects certain errors in the NTPv3 design and implementation and includes an optional extension mechanism. [STANDARDS-TRACK]</t> </abstract> </front> <seriesInfo name="RFC" value="5905"/> <seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC5905"/> </reference><xi:include href="https://bib.ietf.org/public/rfc/bibxml/reference.RFC.5905.xml"/> </references> </references> <?line 895?> <section anchor="collected-cddl"> <name>Collected CDDL</name> <t>This appendix collects the CDDL rules spread over the document into one convenient place.</t> <figure anchor="fig-collected-cddl"> <name>Collected CDDLrulesRules fromthis specification</name>This Specification</name> <sourcecode name="time-tag-collected-cddl.cddl" type="cddl"><![CDATA[ Etime = #6.1001(etime-detailed) etime-framework = { uint => any ; at least one base time * (nint/text) => any ; elective supplementary information * uint => any ; critical supplementary information } etime-detailed = ({ $$ETIME-BASETIME ClockQuality-group * $$ETIME-ELECTIVE * $$ETIME-CRITICAL * ((nint/text) .feature "etime-elective-extension") => any * (uint .feature "etime-critical-extension") => any }) .within etime-framework $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (1: ~time) $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (4: ~decfrac) $$ETIME-BASETIME //= (5: ~bigfloat) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-3: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-6: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-9: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-12: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-15: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-18: uint) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-1 => $ETIME-TIMESCALE) $ETIME-TIMESCALE /= &(etime-utc: 0) $ETIME-TIMESCALE /= &(etime-tai: 1) ClockQuality-group = ( ? &(ClockClass: -2) => uint .size 1 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(ClockAccuracy: -4) => uint .size 1 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(OffsetScaledLogVariance: -5) => uint .size 2 ; PTP/RFC8575 ? &(Uncertainty: -7) => ~time/~duration ? &(Guarantee: -8) => ~time/~duration ) $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-10: time-zone-info) $$ETIME-CRITICAL //= (10: time-zone-info) time-zone-info = tstr .abnf ("time-zone-name / time-numoffset" .det IXDTFtz) IXDTFtz = ' time-hour = 2DIGIT ; 00-23 time-minute = 2DIGIT ; 00-59 time-numoffset = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute time-zone-initial = ALPHA / "." / "_" time-zone-char = time-zone-initial / DIGIT / "-" / "+" time-zone-part = time-zone-initial *13(time-zone-char) ; but not "." or ".." time-zone-name = time-zone-part *("/" time-zone-part) ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z DIGIT = %x30-39 ; 0-9 ' ; extracted from[IXDTF][RFC9557] and [RFC3339]; update as needed $$ETIME-ELECTIVE //= (-11: suffix-info-map) $$ETIME-CRITICAL //= (11: suffix-info-map) suffix-info-map = { * suffix-key => suffix-values } suffix-key = tstr .abnf ("suffix-key" .det IXDTF) suffix-values = one-or-more<suffix-value> one-or-more<T> = T / [ 2* T ] suffix-value = tstr .abnf ("suffix-value" .det IXDTF) IXDTF = ' key-initial = lcalpha / "_" key-char = key-initial / DIGIT / "-" suffix-key = key-initial *key-char suffix-value = 1*alphanum alphanum = ALPHA / DIGIT lcalpha = %x61-7A ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z DIGIT = %x30-39 ; 0-9 ' ; extracted from[IXDTF];[RFC9557]; update as needed! Duration = #6.1002(etime-detailed) Period = #6.1003([ start: ~Etime / null end: ~Etime / null ? duration: ~Duration / null ]) clumsy-Period = #6.1003([ (start: ~Etime, ((end: ~Etime, ? duration: null) // (end: null, duration: ~Duration))) // (start: null, end: ~Etime, duration: ~Duration) ]) etime = #6.1001({* (int/tstr) => any}) duration = #6.1002({* (int/tstr) => any}) period = #6.1003([~etime/null, ~etime/null, ~duration/null]) ]]></sourcecode> </figure> </section> <section anchor="acknowledgements" numbered="false"> <name>Acknowledgements</name> <t>The authors would like to acknowledge the many comments from members of the CBOR WG, <contact fullname="Francesca Palombini"/> for her AD review, and <contact fullname="Thomas Fossati"/> and <contact fullname="Qin Wu"/> for their directorate reviews.</t> <!--[rfced] Throughout the text, the following terminology appears to be used inconsistently. Please review these occurrences and let us know if/how they may be made consistent. Tag 1 vs. tag 1 (capitalization of tags) Key 1 vs. key 1 (capitalization of keys) --> <!-- [rfced] FYI - We have added expansions for the following abbreviations per Section 3.6 of RFC 7322 ("RFC Style Guide"). Please review each expansion in the document carefully to ensure correctness. First Come First Served (FCFS) Internet Extended Date/Time Format (IXDTF) International System of Units (SI) International Atomic Time (TAI) United States Naval Observatory (USNO) --> <!-- [rfced] Please review the "Inclusive Language" portion of the online Style Guide <https://www.rfc-editor.org/styleguide/part2/#inclusive_language> and let us know if any changes are needed. Note that our script did not flag any words in particular, but this should still be reviewed as a best practice. --> <!-- LocalWords: CBOR extensibility IANA uint sint IEEE endian TAI --> <!-- LocalWords: signedness endianness NTP IXDTF --> </section> </back><!-- ##markdown-source: H4sIAAAAAAAAA+1963bbRpbu/3qKanrmmEwIiqSoGx27W5FlRz2+taV0Ztr2 2BAJkmiDABsAJSuys2aeYc4D5Md5kj5v0k9y9rd3VaFAUraT6Zme0ytaiUwB hULVvt9qMwgCdTHU20qVcZlEQ31PaX2UpaO4iPTXcRrmV/rp+R+jUamfR4s8 KqK0DMs4S3Xz6Ounz1v6LJwWepLl+iyeR219f5nz7bYO07F+FuVxNlbh+Xke 0VvwhC7DKY+P3pVROo7GuqQH1TgbpeGc3j/Ow0kZxFE5CUbnWR7gbkDPBElY RkWpxvTPUPe7fVry2+jqMsvHQ32SllGeRmVwH0+rUVgOdVGOVVHmUTin+8dn D5QqLqZBPA5GSRSmy8VQX0WFUhdRuoyGtOlpnuEi1kh/zcM4GWqs4DdYSyfL pxgTl7PluVwPLqdbdnFKLeKhflFmo7YuspzeOino09VcPoyy+SIclfxhTgAs XikVLstZluPFAf2vdZwW9PKO/jrL52Ga8jWByFGYFwSq2h1azlB/m8YXUV7E 5f/9P6X+Oo9oan32hxMegJ1HBIVnWVFOwtFMb293B4Mu3xvF5dXQPCAXsjG9 537Q39/eOTBXlmmZ06iHEV56xRcXsyylcV8ODoJBvxf0e/vB7vZBv8c3IwOx 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